1989-1994 FORD CROWN VICTORIA AND MERCURY GRAND MARQUIS SERVICE MANUAL – PDF DOWNLOAD
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1989-1994 FORD CROWN VICTORIA AND MERCURY GRAND MARQUIS SERVICE MANUAL – PDF DOWNLOAD
- Introduction Chilton’s Total Car Care manual for 1989-98 Ford Crown Victoria and Mercury Grand Marquis is intended to help you learn more about the inner workings of your vehicle while saving you money on its upkeep and operation. The beginning of the book will likely be referred to the most, since that is where you will find information for maintenance and tune-up.
- The other sections deal with the more complex systems of your vehicle. Operating systems from engine through brakes are covered to the extent that the average do-it-yourselfer becomes mechanically involved. This book will not explain such things as rebuilding a differential for the simple reason that the expertise required and the investment in special tools make this task uneconomical.
- It will, however, give you detailed instructions to help you change your own brake pads and shoes, replace spark plugs, and perform many more jobs that can save you money, give you personal satisfaction and help you avoid expensive problems. A secondary purpose of this book is a reference for owners who want to understand their vehicle and/or their mechanics better.
- In this case, no tools at all are required. Where to Begin Before removing any bolts, read through the entire procedure. This will give you the overall view of what tools and supplies will be required. There is nothing more frustrating than having to walk to the bus stop on Monday morning because you were short one bolt on Sunday afternoon.
- So read ahead and plan ahead. Each operation should be approached logically and all procedures thoroughly understood before attempting any work. All sections contain adjustments, maintenance, removal and installation procedures, and in some cases, repair or overhaul procedures. When repair is not considered practical, we tell you how to remove the part and then how to install the new or rebuilt replacement.
- In this way, you at least save labor costs. “Backyard” repair of some components is just not practical. Avoiding Trouble Many procedures in this book require you to label and disconnect a group of lines, hoses or wires. Don’t be lulled into thinking you can remember where everything goes—you won’t. If you hook up vacuum or fuel lines incorrectly, the vehicle may run poorly, if at all.
- If you hook up electrical wiring incorrectly, you may instantly learn a very expensive lesson. You don’t need to know the official or engineering name for each hose or line. A piece of masking tape on the hose and a piece on its fitting will allow you to assign your own label such as the letter A or a short name. As long as you remember your own code, the lines can be reconnected by matching similar letters or names.
- Do remember that tape will dissolve in gasoline or other fluids; if a component is to be washed or cleaned, use another method of identification. A permanent felt-tipped marker or a metal scribe can be very handy for marking metal parts. Remove any tape or paper labels after assembly. Maintenance or Repair? It’s necessary to mention the difference between maintenance and repair.
- Maintenance includes routine inspections, adjustments, and replacement of parts which show signs of normal wear. Maintenance compensates for wear or deterioration. Repair implies that something has broken or is not working. A need for repair is often caused by lack of maintenance. Example: draining and refilling the automatic transmission fluid is maintenance recommended by the manufacturer at specific mileage intervals.
- Failure to do this can shorten the life of the transmission, requiring very expensive repairs. While no maintenance program can prevent items from breaking or wearing out, a general rule can be stated: MAINTENANCE IS CHEAPER THAN REPAIR. Two basic mechanic’s rules should be mentioned here. First, whenever the left side of the vehicle or engine is referred to, it is meant to specify the driver’s side.
- Conversely, the right side of the vehicle means the passenger’s side. Second, screws and bolts are removed by turning counterclockwise, and tightened by turning clockwise unless specifically noted. Safety is always the most important rule. Constantly be aware of the dangers involved in working on an automobile and take the proper precautions.
- See the information in this section regarding SERVICING YOUR VEHICLE SAFELY and the SAFETY NOTICE on the acknowledgment page.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
1989-1994 FORD CROWN VICTORIA AND MERCURY GRAND MARQUIS SERVICE MANUAL – PDF DOWNLOAD
FORD CROWN VICTORIA AND MERCURY GRAND MARQUIS 1989-94............................ 2 How to Use this Manual........................................................ 2 Introduction.............................................................. 2 Where to Begin............................................................ 2 Avoiding Trouble.......................................................... 2 Maintenance or Repair?.................................................... 2 Avoiding the Most Common Mistakes......................................... 2 Tools And Equipment........................................................... 3 Introduction.............................................................. 3 Special Tools............................................................. 10 Servicing Your Vehicle Safely................................................. 10 Introduction.............................................................. 10 Do's...................................................................... 12 Don'ts.................................................................... 12 Fasteners, Measurements And Conversions....................................... 13 Bolts, Nuts and Other Threaded Retainers.................................. 13 Torque.................................................................... 14 TORQUE WRENCHES....................................................... 15 Beam Type......................................................... 15 Click (Breakaway) Type............................................ 15 Pivot Head Type................................................... 15 Rigid Case (Direct Reading)....................................... 16 TORQUE ANGLE METERS................................................... 16 Standard and Metric Measurements.......................................... 17 Serial Number Identification.................................................. 17 Vehicle................................................................... 17 Engine.................................................................... 18 Transmission.............................................................. 19 Drive Axle................................................................ 19 Routine Maintenance And Tune-up............................................... 20 Introduction.............................................................. 20 Air Cleaner Element....................................................... 20 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................ 20 Except 5.8L Engine................................................ 20 5.8L Engine....................................................... 22 Fuel Filter............................................................... 22 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................ 22 In-Line Fuel Filter............................................... 22 Carburetor Fuel Inlet Filter...................................... 25 PCV Valve................................................................. 27 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................ 27 Evaporative Canister...................................................... 29 SERVICING............................................................. 29 Battery................................................................... 30 PRECAUTIONS........................................................... 30 GENERAL MAINTENANCE................................................... 30 BATTERY FLUID......................................................... 31 Checking the Specific Gravity..................................... 31 CABLES................................................................ 32 CHARGING.............................................................. 35 REPLACEMENT........................................................... 35 Belts..................................................................... 35 INSPECTION............................................................ 35 ADJUSTMENT............................................................ 37 5.0L and 5.8L Engines............................................. 37 ALTERNATOR BELT............................................... 37 AIR CONDITIONER COMPRESSOR BELT............................... 38 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................ 38 4.6L Engine....................................................... 38 5.0L and 5.8L Engines............................................. 40 ALTERNATOR BELT............................................... 40 AIR CONDITIONER COMPRESSOR BELT............................... 40 Hoses..................................................................... 40 INSPECTION............................................................ 40 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................ 42 Spark Plugs............................................................... 43 SPARK PLUG HEAT RANGE................................................. 43 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................ 45 INSPECTION & GAPPING.................................................. 48 Spark Plug Wires.......................................................... 50 TESTING............................................................... 50 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................ 51 Distributor Cap and Rotor................................................. 53 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................ 54 INSPECTION............................................................ 54 Ignition Timing........................................................... 54 GENERAL INFORMATION................................................... 55 INSPECTION & ADJUSTMENT............................................... 55 5.0L Engine....................................................... 55 5.8L Engine....................................................... 56 Valve Lash................................................................ 56 ADJUSTMENT............................................................ 56 4.6L Engine....................................................... 56 5.0L Engine....................................................... 56 5.8L Engine....................................................... 57 Idle Speed................................................................ 58 ADJUSTMENT............................................................ 58 4.6L and 5.0L Engines............................................. 58 5.8L Engine....................................................... 58 Air Conditioning System................................................... 58 SYSTEM SERVICE & REPAIR............................................... 58 R-12 Refrigerant Conversion....................................... 59 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE................................................ 59 SYSTEM INSPECTION..................................................... 60 Windshield Wipers......................................................... 61 ELEMENT (REFILL) CARE & REPLACEMENT................................... 61 Tires and Wheels.......................................................... 65 TIRE ROTATION......................................................... 65 TIRE DESIGN........................................................... 66 Snow Tires........................................................ 67 TIRE STORAGE.......................................................... 67 INFLATION & INSPECTION................................................ 67 CARE OF SPECIAL WHEELS................................................ 70 Fluids And Lubricants......................................................... 70 Fluid Disposal............................................................ 70 Fuel and Engine Oil Recommendations....................................... 70 FUEL.................................................................. 70 OIL................................................................... 71 Engine.................................................................... 72 OIL LEVEL CHECK....................................................... 72 OIL & FILTER CHANGE................................................... 75 Automatic Transmission.................................................... 79 FLUID RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. 80 LEVEL CHECK........................................................... 80 PAN & FILTER SERVICE.................................................. 82 Drive Axle................................................................ 88 FLUID RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. 88 LEVEL CHECK........................................................... 88 DRAIN AND REFILL...................................................... 90 Cooling System............................................................ 92 FLUID RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. 93 LEVEL CHECK........................................................... 93 DRAIN & REFILL........................................................ 96 FLUSHING & CLEANING THE SYSTEM........................................ 98 Brake Master Cylinder..................................................... 99 FLUID RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. 99 LEVEL CHECK...........................................................100 Power Steering Pump.......................................................101 FLUID RECOMMENDATIONS.................................................101 LEVEL CHECK...........................................................101 Chassis Greasing..........................................................103 Body Lubrication and Maintenance..........................................104 CAR WASHING...........................................................104 WAXING................................................................105 INTERIOR CLEANING.....................................................106 Upholstery........................................................106 Floor Mats and Carpet.............................................106 Dashboard, Console, Door Panels, Etc..............................106 Wheel Bearings............................................................106 REPACKING.............................................................106 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................106 1992-98...........................................................107 Towing The Vehicle............................................................107 Jump Starting A Dead Battery..................................................108 Introduction..............................................................108 Jump Starting Precautions.................................................108 Jump Starting Procedure...................................................109 Jacking.......................................................................109 Introduction..............................................................109 Jacking Precautions.......................................................111 Specification Charts..........................................................112 Engine Electrical.................................................................114 Duraspark II Distributor Ignition System......................................114 Introduction..............................................................114 General Information.......................................................114 Primary Circuit.......................................................114 Secondary Circuit.....................................................114 Diagnosis and Testing.....................................................115 SECONDARY SPARK TEST..................................................115 CYLINDER DROP TEST....................................................117 Adjustments...............................................................118 Ignition Coil.............................................................119 TESTING...............................................................119 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................119 Ignition Module...........................................................119 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................119 Stator Assembly...........................................................119 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................119 Distributor...............................................................120 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................120 Removal...........................................................120 Installation......................................................120 TIMING NOT DISTURBED..........................................120 TIMING DISTURBED..............................................121 Thick Film Integrated (TFI-IV) Distributor Ignition System....................121 General Information.......................................................121 Diagnosis and Testing.....................................................123 Adjustments...............................................................123 Ignition Coil.............................................................123 TESTING...............................................................123 Primary Coil......................................................123 Secondary Windings................................................123 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................124 Ignition Module...........................................................126 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................126 Stator Assembly...........................................................127 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................127 Distributor...............................................................128 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................128 Electronic Distributorless Ignition System (EDIS).............................128 General Information.......................................................128 Diagnosis and Testing.....................................................129 Adjustments...............................................................129 Ignition Coil Pack........................................................129 TESTING...............................................................129 Primary Winding Resistance........................................129 Secondary Winding Resistance......................................129 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................130 Ignition Module...........................................................132 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................132 Crankshaft and Camshaft Position Sensors..................................133 Firing Orders.................................................................133 Charging System...............................................................135 General Information.......................................................135 Alternator Precautions....................................................135 Alternator................................................................136 TESTING...............................................................136 Voltage Test......................................................136 No-Load Test......................................................136 Load Test.........................................................136 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................136 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................136 4.6L Engine.......................................................137 Regulator.................................................................140 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................140 Starting System...............................................................140 General Information.......................................................140 Starter...................................................................140 TESTING...............................................................140 Voltage Drop Test.................................................141 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................141 SOLENOID OR RELAY REPLACEMENT.........................................142 Starter Mounted Solenoid..........................................142 Relay.............................................................143 Sending Units And Sensors.....................................................143 Introduction..............................................................143 Coolant Temperature Sender................................................143 TESTING...............................................................143 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................144 Oil Pressure Sender/Switch................................................145 TESTING...............................................................145 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................146 Low Oil Level Sensor......................................................148 TESTING...............................................................148 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................148 Fuel Level Sending Unit...................................................149 TESTING...............................................................149 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................150 Troubleshooting Charts........................................................150 Engine & Engine Overhaul..........................................................151 Engine Mechanical.............................................................151 Engine....................................................................151 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................151 4.6L Engine.......................................................151 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................154 Rocker Arm (Valve) Cover..................................................156 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................156 4.6L Engine.......................................................156 PASSENGER SIDE................................................156 DRIVER'S SIDE.................................................157 5.0L Engine.......................................................159 5.8L Engine.......................................................159 Rocker Arms/Roller Followers..............................................159 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................160 4.6L Engine.......................................................160 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................160 Thermostat................................................................161 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................161 4.6L Engine.......................................................161 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................163 Intake Manifold...........................................................165 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................165 4.6L Engine.......................................................165 1992-95 MODELS................................................165 1996-98 MODELS................................................170 5.0L Engine.......................................................172 5.8L Engine.......................................................173 Exhaust Manifold..........................................................175 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................175 4.6L Engine.......................................................175 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................179 Radiator..................................................................180 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................180 Engine Fan................................................................185 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................185 1992-94 Models....................................................185 1995-98 Models....................................................188 BELT DRIVEN COOLING FAN.......................................188 ELECTRIC COOLING FAN..........................................188 1989-91 Models....................................................189 Water Pump................................................................189 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................189 4.6L Engine.......................................................189 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................191 Cylinder Head.............................................................192 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................192 4.6L Engine.......................................................192 1992-95 MODELS................................................192 1996-98 MODELS................................................197 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................200 CLEANING AND INSPECTION...............................................202 Oil Pan...................................................................203 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................203 4.6L Engine.......................................................203 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................205 Oil Pump..................................................................206 REMOVAL...............................................................206 4.6L Engine.......................................................206 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................206 INSPECTION AND OVERHAUL...............................................206 4.6L Engine.......................................................206 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................206 INSTALLATION..........................................................207 4.6L Engine.......................................................207 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................208 Crankshaft Damper.........................................................208 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................208 4.6L Engine.......................................................208 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................210 Timing Chain Cover Seal...................................................211 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................211 4.6L Engine.......................................................211 5.0 and 5.8L Engines..............................................213 Timing Chain, Sprockets and Front Cover...................................213 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................213 4.6L Engine.......................................................213 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................223 Camshaft..................................................................225 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................225 4.6L Engine.......................................................225 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................228 INSPECTION............................................................229 Camshaft Bearings.........................................................229 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................230 4.6L Engine.......................................................230 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................230 Rear Main Seal............................................................230 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................230 4.6L Engine.......................................................231 5.0L and 5.8L Engines.............................................231 Flexplate.................................................................232 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................232 Exhaust System................................................................232 REPLACEMENT...............................................................236 Flange Type...........................................................237 Slip Joint Type.......................................................237 Engine Reconditioning.........................................................238 Determining Engine Condition..............................................238 COMPRESSION TEST......................................................238 OIL PRESSURE TEST.....................................................239 Buy or Rebuild?...........................................................240 Engine Overhaul Tips......................................................240 TOOLS.................................................................240 OVERHAUL TIPS.........................................................240 CLEANING..............................................................241 REPAIRING DAMAGED THREADS.............................................243 Engine Preparation........................................................245 Cylinder Head.............................................................245 DISASSEMBLY...........................................................246 5.0/5.8L Engines..................................................246 4.6L Engine.......................................................249 INSPECTION............................................................252 Valves............................................................252 Springs, Retainers and Valve Locks................................253 Cylinder Head.....................................................254 VALVE GUIDES..................................................254 VALVE SEATS...................................................255 CYLINDER HEAD SURFACE FLATNESS................................255 CRACKS AND PHYSICAL DAMAGE....................................256 Camshaft and Followers............................................256 REFINISHING & REPAIRING...............................................256 Valves............................................................256 LAPPING THE VALVES............................................256 Springs, Retainers and Valve Locks................................257 Cylinder Head.....................................................257 VALVE GUIDE...................................................257 VALVE SEATS...................................................257 CYLINDER HEAD SURFACE.........................................257 CRACKS AND PHYSICAL DAMAGE....................................258 ASSEMBLY..............................................................258 5.0/5.8L Engines..................................................258 4.6L Engine.......................................................258 Engine Block..............................................................259 GENERAL INFORMATION...................................................259 Cylinder Ridge Removal............................................259 DISASSEMBLY...........................................................259 5.0/5.8L Engines..................................................259 4.6L Engine.......................................................259 All Engines.......................................................260 INSPECTION............................................................261 Engine Block......................................................262 ENGINE BLOCK BEARING ALIGNMENT................................262 DECK FLATNESS.................................................262 CYLINDER BORES................................................262 Crankshaft........................................................263 Pistons and Connecting Rods.......................................263 PISTONS.......................................................263 CONNECTING ROD................................................263 Camshaft..........................................................264 Bearings..........................................................264 Oil Pump..........................................................264 REFINISHING...........................................................264 Pistons and Connecting Rods.......................................264 C-CLIP TYPE PISTONS...........................................265 ASSEMBLY..............................................................265 Crankshaft........................................................265 Pistons and Connecting Rods.......................................268 5.0/5.8L Engines..................................................270 CAMSHAFT, LIFTERS AND TIMING ASSEMBLY.........................270 CYLINDER HEAD(S)..............................................271 4.6L Engine.......................................................271 CYLINDER HEAD(S)..............................................271 Engine Covers and Components......................................271 Engine Start-up and Break-in..............................................271 STARTING THE ENGINE...................................................271 BREAKING IT IN........................................................271 KEEP IT MAINTAINED....................................................271 Specification Charts..........................................................271 Driveability & Emission Controls..................................................274 Air Pollution.................................................................274 Introduction..............................................................274 Natural Pollutants........................................................274 Industrial Pollutants.....................................................274 Automotive Pollutants.....................................................274 TEMPERATURE INVERSION.................................................274 HEAT TRANSFER.........................................................275 Automotive Emissions..........................................................275 Introduction..............................................................275 Exhaust Gases.............................................................275 HYDROCARBONS..........................................................275 CARBON MONOXIDE.......................................................276 NITROGEN..............................................................276 Ozone.............................................................276 OXIDES OF SULFUR......................................................276 PARTICULATE MATTER....................................................276 Crankcase Emissions.......................................................276 Evaporative Emissions.....................................................277 Emission Controls.............................................................277 Crankcase Ventilation System..............................................277 OPERATION.............................................................277 COMPONENT TESTING.....................................................278 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................279 Evaporative Emission Controls.............................................279 OPERATION.............................................................279 OBD-II EVAP System Monitor........................................279 Carbon Canister...................................................280 Fuel Tank Vapor Orifice and Roll over Valve Assembly..............280 Purge Control Valve...............................................280 Purge Solenoid Valve..............................................281 Fuel Bowl Solenoid Vent Valve.....................................281 Fuel Bowl Thermal Vent Valve......................................281 Auxiliary Fuel Bowl Vent Tube.....................................281 Pressure/Vacuum Relief Fuel Cap...................................281 TESTING...............................................................282 Evaporative Emissions Canister....................................282 Evaporative Hoses and Tubes.......................................282 Evaporative Emissions Valve.......................................282 Canister Purge Valve/Vapor Management Valve.......................282 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................283 Carbon Canister...................................................283 Fuel Tank Vapor Orifice and Roll over Valve Assembly..............285 Purge Control Valve...............................................285 Purge Solenoid Valve..............................................285 Fuel Bowl Solenoid Vent Valve.....................................285 Fuel Bowl Thermal Vent Valve......................................285 Pressure/Vacuum Relief Fuel Cap...................................285 Exhaust Gas Recirculation System..........................................285 OPERATION.............................................................285 COMPONENT TESTING.....................................................289 DPFE Sensor.......................................................289 EGR Valve Control Solenoid........................................289 EGR Valve.........................................................289 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................290 DPFE Sensor.......................................................290 EGR Valve Control Solenoid........................................291 EGR Valve.........................................................293 4.6L ENGINE...................................................293 5.0L ENGINE...................................................296 Thermostatic Air Inlet System.............................................297 OPERATION.............................................................297 Duct and Valve Assembly...........................................297 Bimetal Sensor....................................................297 Cold Weather Modulator............................................297 TESTING...............................................................297 Duct and Valve Assembly...........................................297 Bimetal Sensor....................................................298 Cold Weather Modulator............................................298 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................298 Vacuum Motor......................................................298 Bimetal Sensor....................................................298 Cold Weather Modulator............................................299 Thermactor Air Injection System...........................................299 OPERATION.............................................................299 Air Supply Pump...................................................299 Air Bypass Valve..................................................299 Air Check Valve...................................................299 Air Supply Control Valve..........................................300 Combination Air Bypass/Air Control Valve..........................300 Solenoid Vacuum Valve.............................................300 Thermactor Idle Vacuum Valve......................................300 Vacuum Control Valve..............................................300 Vacuum Check Valve................................................300 TESTING...............................................................300 Air Supply Pump...................................................300 Air Bypass Valve..................................................301 Air Check Valve...................................................301 Air Supply Control Valve..........................................301 Combination Air Bypass/Air Control Valve..........................302 Solenoid Vacuum Valve.............................................302 TIV Valve.........................................................303 Vacuum Control Valve..............................................303 Vacuum Check Valve................................................304 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................304 Air Supply Pump...................................................304 Air Bypass Valve..................................................304 Air Check Valve...................................................304 Air Supply Control Valve..........................................304 Combination Air Bypass/Air Control Valve..........................304 Solenoid Vacuum Valve.............................................304 TIV Valve.........................................................305 Vacuum Control Valve..............................................305 Electronic Engine Controls....................................................305 Powertrain Control Module (PCM)...........................................305 OPERATION.............................................................305 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................306 Oxygen Sensor.............................................................306 OPERATION.............................................................306 TESTING...............................................................306 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................307 Idle Air Control Valve....................................................310 OPERATION.............................................................310 TESTING...............................................................310 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................311 Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor...................................311 OPERATION.............................................................311 TESTING...............................................................311 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................312 Intake Air Temperature Sensor.............................................315 OPERATION.............................................................315 TESTING...............................................................316 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................316 1992-95 Models....................................................316 1996-98 Models....................................................318 Mass Airflow Sensor.......................................................318 OPERATION.............................................................318 TESTING...............................................................319 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................320 Manifold Air Pressure (MAP) Sensor........................................322 OPERATION.............................................................322 TESTING...............................................................322 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................323 Throttle Position Sensor..................................................323 OPERATION.............................................................323 TESTING...............................................................324 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................325 4.6L Engine.......................................................325 5.0L Engine.......................................................327 Knock Sensor..............................................................327 OPERATION.............................................................327 TESTING...............................................................327 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................327 4.6L Engine.......................................................327 Camshaft Position Sensor..................................................328 TESTING...............................................................328 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................328 4.6L Engine.......................................................328 Crankshaft Position Sensor................................................330 OPERATION.............................................................330 TESTING...............................................................330 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................330 Vehicle Speed Sensor......................................................331 OPERATION.............................................................331 TESTING...............................................................331 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................331 Component Locations...........................................................333 Trouble Codes —EEC-IV System..................................................334 General Information.......................................................334 FAILURE MODE EFFECTS MANAGEMENT (FMEM)................................334 HARDWARE LIMITED OPERATION STRATEGY (HLOS)............................334 Diagnostic Link Connector.................................................334 HAND-HELD SCAN TOOLS..................................................334 ELECTRICAL TOOLS......................................................336 Reading Codes.............................................................336 VISUAL INSPECTION.....................................................336 ELECTRONIC TESTING....................................................337 Key On Engine Off (KOEO) Test.....................................337 Key On Engine Running (KOER) Test.................................339 Reading Codes With Analog Voltmeter...............................339 Malfunction Indicator Lamp Method.................................340 Other Test Modes..................................................340 CONTINUOUS MONITOR OR WIGGLE TEST.............................340 OUTPUT STATE CHECK............................................340 Clearing Codes............................................................341 CONTINUOUS MEMORY CODES...............................................341 KEEP ALIVE MEMORY.....................................................341 EEC-IV Diagnostic Trouble Codes...........................................341 Trouble Codes —EEC-V System (OBD-II)..........................................342 General Information.......................................................342 Malfunction Indicator Lamp................................................342 Data Link Connector.......................................................342 ELECTRICAL TOOLS......................................................342 Reading Codes.............................................................343 Clearing Codes............................................................343 CONTINUOUS MEMORY CODES...............................................343 KEEP ALIVE MEMORY.....................................................343 EEC-V Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC's)....................................343 Vacuum Diagrams...............................................................354 Fuel System.......................................................................358 Basic Fuel System Diagnosis...................................................358 Fuel Lines And Fittings.......................................................358 Introduction..............................................................358 Hairpin Clip Fitting......................................................358 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................358 Duckbill Clip Fitting.....................................................359 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................359 Spring Lock Coupling......................................................360 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................360 Carbureted Fuel System........................................................364 Description...............................................................364 Mechanical Fuel Pump......................................................364 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................364 TESTING...............................................................365 Capacity Test.....................................................365 Pressure Test.....................................................366 Carburetor................................................................366 ADJUSTMENTS...........................................................366 Choke.............................................................366 COLD ENRICHMENT ROD (CER) ADJUSTMENT..........................366 CONTROL VACUUM REGULATOR (CVR) SWIVEL ASSEMBLY REPLACEMENT....366 CER RUN POSITION ADJUSTMENT...................................367 CER START (CRANK) POSITION ADJUSTMENT.........................367 CHOKE DIAPHRAGM START (CRANK) POSITION FOR WARM ENGINE........367 CONTROL VACUUM ROD (CVR) POSITION.............................368 CHOKE DIAPHRAGM RUN POSITION FOR COLD ENGINE..................368 FAST IDLE CAM SETTING.........................................368 Venturi Valve Wide Open Throttle (WOT) Opening....................369 Float Level.......................................................370 Float Drop........................................................370 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................371 Gasoline Fuel Injection System................................................371 General Information.......................................................371 FUEL SYSTEM SERVICE PRECAUTIONS.......................................372 Relieving Fuel System Pressure............................................372 Fuel Pump.................................................................372 TESTING...............................................................372 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................373 Inertia Switch............................................................373 GENERAL INFORMATION...................................................373 RESETTING THE SWITCH..................................................374 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................374 Throttle Body.............................................................375 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................375 4.6L Engine.......................................................375 5.0L Engine.......................................................378 Fuel Rail And Fuel Injector(s)............................................378 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................378 4.6L Engine.......................................................378 5.0L Engine.......................................................381 TESTING...............................................................382 All Injectors Clicking............................................382 One or More Injectors Are Not Clicking............................382 Fuel Pressure Regulator...................................................384 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................384 Pressure Relief Valve.....................................................386 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................386 Fuel Tank.....................................................................386 Tank Assembly.............................................................387 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................387 Electric Fuel Pump........................................................387 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................387 Chassis Electrical................................................................390 Understanding And Troubleshooting Electrical Systems..........................390 Basic Electrical Theory...................................................390 HOW DOES ELECTRICITY WORK: THE WATER ANALOGY..........................390 OHM'S LAW.............................................................391 Electrical Components.....................................................391 POWER SOURCE..........................................................391 The Battery.......................................................391 The Alternator....................................................391 GROUND................................................................391 PROTECTIVE DEVICES....................................................391 SWITCHES & RELAYS.....................................................392 LOAD..................................................................393 WIRING & HARNESSES....................................................393 CONNECTORS............................................................394 Test Equipment............................................................395 JUMPER WIRES..........................................................395 TEST LIGHTS...........................................................395 MULTIMETERS...........................................................396 Troubleshooting Electrical Systems........................................397 Testing...................................................................397 OPEN CIRCUITS.........................................................397 SHORT CIRCUITS........................................................398 VOLTAGE...............................................................398 VOLTAGE DROP..........................................................398 RESISTANCE............................................................399 Wire and Connector Repair.................................................400 Battery Cables................................................................401 Air Bag (Supplemental Restraint System).......................................401 SERVICE PRECAUTIONS.......................................................401 DISARMING THE SYSTEM......................................................402 1990-91 Vehicles......................................................402 1992-98 Vehicles......................................................403 ARMING THE SYSTEM.........................................................403 1990-91 Vehicles......................................................403 1992-98 Vehicles......................................................403 Heating And Air Conditioning..................................................404 Blower Motor..............................................................404 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................404 Heater Core...............................................................406 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................406 Air Conditioning Components...............................................409 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................409 Control Cables............................................................409 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................409 Vehicles with Manual Climate Control..............................409 1989 Vehicles with Automatic Temperature Control (ATC)............410 ADJUSTMENT............................................................410 Vehicles with Manual Climate Control..............................410 1989 Vehicles with Automatic Temperature Control (ATC)............411 Control Panel.............................................................411 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................411 1989 Vehicles.....................................................411 1990-98 Vehicles..................................................411 Vacuum Motors.............................................................413 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................413 Panel Door Vacuum Motor...........................................413 Floor-Defrost Door Vacuum Motor...................................415 Outside-Recirculating Door Vacuum Motor...........................415 Thermal Blower Lock Out Switch............................................416 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................416 Vehicles with Automatic Temperature Control.......................416 Servo Motor...............................................................416 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................416 1989 Vehicles with Automatic Temperature Control..................416 Variable Blower Speed Controller..........................................417 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................417 1990-98 Vehicles with Automatic Temperature Control...............417 Temperature Blend Door Actuator...........................................417 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................417 1990-98 Vehicles with Automatic Temperature Control...............417 In-Vehicle Temperature Sensor.............................................418 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................418 Vehicles with Automatic Temperature Control.......................418 1989 VEHICLES.................................................418 1990-98 VEHICLES..............................................419 Cruise Control................................................................420 Entertainment Systems.........................................................421 Radio Receiver/Tape Player/CD Player (Except Changer).....................421 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................421 1989 Vehicles.....................................................421 1990-98 Models....................................................421 Amplifier.................................................................423 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................423 Sedan.............................................................424 Station Wagon.....................................................424 Compact Disc Changer......................................................425 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................425 Speakers..................................................................425 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................425 Dash Mounted......................................................425 1989 VEHICLES.................................................425 Door Mounted......................................................425 1989 AND 1992-98 VEHICLES.....................................426 1990-91 VEHICLES..............................................427 Rear..............................................................427 1989-91 SEDAN.................................................427 1992-98 SEDAN.................................................428 STATION WAGON.................................................428 Subwoofer.........................................................428 Windshield Wipers And Washers.................................................428 Windshield Wiper Blade and Arm............................................429 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................429 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................429 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................429 Windshield Wiper Motor....................................................430 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................430 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................430 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................431 Windshield Washer Fluid Reservoir.........................................436 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................436 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................436 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................437 Windshield Washer Motor...................................................437 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................437 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................437 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................438 Instruments And Switches......................................................438 Instrument Cluster........................................................439 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................439 Conventional Cluster..............................................439 Electronic Cluster................................................442 Gauges....................................................................442 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................442 Back-up Light Switch......................................................445 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................445 Headlight Switch..........................................................445 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................445 1989 Vehicles.....................................................445 1990-95 Vehicles..................................................446 1996-98 Models....................................................446 Lighting......................................................................447 Headlights................................................................447 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................447 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................447 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................447 AIMING THE HEADLIGHTS.................................................449 Signal and Marker Lights..................................................450 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................451 Front Turn Signal and Parking Lights..............................451 1989-91 VEHICLES..............................................451 1992-98 CROWN VICTORIA........................................451 1992-98 GRAND MARQUIS.........................................453 Side Marker/Cornering Lights......................................453 1989-91 VEHICLES—FRONT........................................453 1989-91 CROWN VICTORIA STATION WAGON/COUNTRY SQUIRE—REAR......454 1992-98 CROWN VICTORIA........................................454 1992-98 GRAND MARQUIS.........................................454 Rear Turn Signal, Brake and Parking Lights........................455 1989-91 SEDAN.................................................455 1992-98 SEDAN.................................................455 STATION WAGON.................................................458 High-Mount Brake Light............................................459 1989-92 SEDAN.................................................459 1993-98 VEHICLES..............................................460 STATION WAGON.................................................461 Dome Light........................................................462 Cargo Light.......................................................464 STATION WAGON.................................................465 License Plate Lights..............................................465 Light Bulb Chart..........................................................467 Circuit Protection............................................................468 Fuses.....................................................................468 REPLACEMENT...........................................................468 Fusible Links.............................................................470 REPLACEMENT...........................................................471 Circuit Breakers..........................................................472 Flashers..................................................................472 REPLACEMENT...........................................................472 Wiring Diagrams...............................................................473 Drive Train.......................................................................477 Automatic Transmission........................................................477 Understanding the Automatic Transmission..................................477 TORQUE CONVERTER......................................................477 PLANETARY GEARBOX.....................................................478 SERVOS AND ACCUMULATORS...............................................479 HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM..............................................480 Fluid Pan And Filter Service..............................................480 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................480 Neutral Safety Switch.....................................................480 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................480 1989-91 Models Only...............................................480 ADJUSTMENT............................................................481 Manual Lever Position (MLP) Sensor/Transmission Range (TR) Sensor.........481 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................481 ADJUSTMENT............................................................483 Extension Housing Seal....................................................483 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................483 Automatic Transmission Assembly...........................................484 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................484 ADJUSTMENTS...........................................................485 Shift Linkage.....................................................485 1989 VEHICLES.................................................485 1990-92 VEHICLES..............................................485 1993-98 VEHICLES..............................................485 Shift Indicator Cable.............................................486 Throttle Valve Linkage............................................486 4.6L AND 5.0L ENGINES.........................................486 5.8L ENGINE...................................................487 Driveline.....................................................................487 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION....................................................487 U-JOINT REPLACEMENT.......................................................489 DRIVESHAFT BALANCING......................................................492 Rear Axle.....................................................................494 Axle Shaft, Bearing and Seal..............................................494 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................494 Pinion Seal...............................................................498 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................498 Axle Housing Assembly.....................................................500 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................500 Specifications Chart..........................................................501 Suspension & Steering.............................................................503 Wheels........................................................................503 Introduction..............................................................503 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................503 INSPECTION............................................................505 Wheel Lug Studs...........................................................506 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................506 With Disc Brakes..................................................506 With Drum Brakes..................................................507 Front Suspension..............................................................508 Introduction..............................................................508 Coil Springs..............................................................509 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................509 Shock Absorbers...........................................................510 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................510 TESTING...............................................................513 Upper Ball Joint..........................................................513 INSPECTION............................................................513 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................514 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................514 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................514 Lower Ball Joint..........................................................515 INSPECTION............................................................515 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................515 Stabilizer Bar............................................................515 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................515 Upper Control Arm.........................................................517 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................517 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................517 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................517 CONTROL ARM BUSHING REPLACEMENT.......................................518 Lower Control Arm.........................................................520 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................520 CONTROL ARM BUSHING REPLACEMENT.......................................521 Knuckle and Spindle.......................................................521 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................521 Front Wheel Bearings......................................................522 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................522 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................522 Front Hub and Bearing.....................................................523 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................523 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................523 Wheel Alignment...........................................................524 CASTER................................................................524 CAMBER................................................................524 TOE...................................................................524 Rear Suspension...............................................................525 Introduction..............................................................525 Coil Springs..............................................................525 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................525 Air Springs...............................................................526 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................526 Shock Absorbers...........................................................530 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................530 Without Automatic Leveling........................................530 With Automatic Leveling...........................................532 TESTING...............................................................533 Control Arms..............................................................533 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................533 Upper Control Arm.................................................533 Lower Control Arm.................................................534 Stabilizer Bar............................................................534 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................534 Steering......................................................................536 Steering Wheel............................................................536 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................536 1989 Vehicles.....................................................536 1990-98 Vehicles..................................................536 Multi-Function Switch.....................................................540 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................540 1989 Vehicles.....................................................540 1990-98 Vehicles..................................................541 Windshield Wiper Switch...................................................541 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................541 1989 Vehicles.....................................................541 Ignition Switch...........................................................541 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................541 Ignition Lock Cylinder....................................................541 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................541 Functional Lock...................................................541 Non-Functional Lock...............................................543 Steering Linkage..........................................................543 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................543 Pitman Arm........................................................543 Idler Arm.........................................................546 Center Link.......................................................547 Tie Rod Ends......................................................547 Power Steering Gear.......................................................550 ADJUSTMENTS...........................................................550 Meshload..........................................................550 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................551 Power Steering Pump.......................................................552 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................552 BLEEDING..............................................................553 Specifications Chart..........................................................553 Brakes............................................................................554 Brake Operating System........................................................554 Basic Operating Principles................................................554 DISC BRAKES...........................................................554 DRUM BRAKES...........................................................555 POWER BOOSTERS........................................................555 Vacuum Leak Test..................................................555 System Operation Test.............................................555 Brake Light Switch........................................................556 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................556 Master Cylinder...........................................................556 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................556 1989-94 Vehicles..................................................556 1995-98 Vehicles..................................................560 BENCH BLEEDING........................................................560 Power Brake Booster.......................................................561 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................561 Vehicles Without ABS..............................................561 Vehicles With ABS.................................................561 Brake Pressure Control Valve..............................................562 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................562 Metering Valve............................................................563 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................563 Proportioning Valve.......................................................564 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................564 Brake Hoses and Pipes.....................................................564 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................564 Bleeding Brake System.....................................................567 Disc Brakes...................................................................569 Brake Pads................................................................569 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................569 Front.............................................................569 Rear..............................................................572 INSPECTION............................................................577 Brake Caliper.............................................................578 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................578 Front.............................................................578 Rear..............................................................579 OVERHAUL..............................................................580 Brake Disc (Rotor)........................................................584 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................584 Front.............................................................584 1989-91 VEHICLES..............................................584 1992-98 VEHICLES..............................................584 Rear..............................................................585 INSPECTION............................................................586 Drum Brakes...................................................................587 Introduction..............................................................587 Brake Drums...............................................................587 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................588 INSPECTION............................................................588 Brake Shoes...............................................................589 INSPECTION............................................................590 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................590 ADJUSTMENTS...........................................................598 Drum Installed....................................................598 Drum Removed......................................................599 Wheel Cylinders...........................................................599 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................600 OVERHAUL..............................................................602 Parking Brake.................................................................607 Cable(s)..................................................................607 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION..............................................607 Front Cable.......................................................607 1989-91 VEHICLES..............................................607 1992-94 VEHICLES..............................................608 1995-98 VEHICLES..............................................609 Intermediate Cable................................................610 1989 VEHICLES.................................................610 Rear Cables.......................................................610 1989-91 VEHICLES..............................................610 1992-94 VEHICLES..............................................611 1995-98 VEHICLES..............................................611 ADJUSTMENT............................................................612 1989 Vehicles.....................................................612 1990-94 Vehicles..................................................612 1995-98 Vehicles..................................................612 Brake Shoes...............................................................613 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................613 1992-93 Vehicles..................................................613 Anti-lock Brake System........................................................614 General Information.......................................................614 Diagnosis.................................................................614 Control Module............................................................615 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................615 1992-94 Vehicles..................................................615 1995-98 Vehicles..................................................616 Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU)..............................................616 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................616 1992-94 Vehicles..................................................616 1995-98 Vehicles..................................................617 Pedal Travel Switch.......................................................617 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................617 ADJUSTMENT............................................................617 Speed Sensors.............................................................618 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................618 Front.............................................................618 Rear..............................................................619 Tone (Exciter) Ring.......................................................621 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................621 Front.............................................................622 Rear..............................................................622 Bleeding the ABS System...................................................622 BLEEDING PROCEDURE....................................................623 1992-1994 Vehicles................................................623 1995-98 Vehicles..................................................623 Specifications Chart..........................................................623 Body..............................................................................624 Exterior......................................................................624 Doors.....................................................................624 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................624 ADJUSTMENT............................................................624 Door Hinges.......................................................624 Door Latch Striker................................................625 Hood......................................................................625 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................625 ALIGNMENT.............................................................627 Hood Alignment....................................................627 Hood Latch........................................................628 Trunk Lid.................................................................628 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................628 ALIGNMENT.............................................................629 Trunk Lid Alignment...............................................629 Trunk Lid Latch/Striker...........................................629 EXCEPT 1989-91 GRAND MARQUIS..................................629 1989-91 GRAND MARQUIS.........................................629 Tailgate..................................................................629 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................629 ALIGNMENT.............................................................630 Upper Latch-To-Lower Latch Link...................................630 Upper Hinge And Latch Release Link................................630 Tailgate Striker..................................................630 Upper Key Cylinder to Latch Link..................................630 Outside Handle to Latch Link......................................631 Tailgate..........................................................631 Grille....................................................................631 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................631 Crown Victoria....................................................631 1989-91.......................................................631 1993-98 MODELS................................................632 Grand Marquis.....................................................632 1989-91.......................................................632 1992-98.......................................................632 Outside Mirrors...........................................................633 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................633 Manual Mirrors....................................................633 LEFT SIDE.....................................................633 RIGHT SIDE....................................................633 Power Mirrors.....................................................634 1989-91 VEHICLES..............................................634 1992-98 VEHICLES..............................................634 Antenna...................................................................636 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................636 Fixed Antenna.....................................................636 1989 VEHICLES.................................................636 1990-91 VEHICLES..............................................637 1992-98 VEHICLES..............................................637 Power Antenna.....................................................638 1989 VEHICLES.................................................638 1990-98 VEHICLES..............................................638 Fenders...................................................................638 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................638 Interior......................................................................639 Instrument Panel..........................................................639 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................639 1989 Vehicles.....................................................639 1990-91 Vehicles..................................................641 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................643 Door Panels...............................................................644 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................644 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................644 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................645 Door Locks................................................................650 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................650 Front Door Latch..................................................650 Rear Door Latch...................................................651 Door Latch Remote Control.........................................651 Door Lock Cylinder................................................652 Power Door Lock Actuator Motor....................................652 1989-91 VEHICLES..............................................652 1992-98 VEHICLES..............................................652 Power Door Lock Switch............................................653 1989-91 VEHICLES..............................................653 1992-98 VEHICLES..............................................653 Tailgate Lock.............................................................653 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................653 Tailgate Upper Latch..............................................653 Tailgate Lower Latch..............................................653 Tailgate Lock Release Control.....................................654 Tailgate Lock Cylinder............................................654 Tailgate Lock Actuator............................................654 Door Glass................................................................654 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................654 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................654 FRONT DOOR....................................................654 REAR DOOR.....................................................655 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................656 Door Window Regulator.....................................................657 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................657 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................657 FRONT DOOR....................................................657 REAR DOOR.....................................................658 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................658 OPERATIONAL WINDOW............................................658 DOWN AND INOPERABLE WINDOW....................................658 Power Window Motor........................................................659 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................659 1989-91 Vehicles..................................................659 1992-98 Vehicles..................................................660 Tailgate Window Motor.....................................................660 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................660 Windshield and Fixed Glass................................................661 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................661 WINDSHIELD CHIP REPAIR................................................661 Inside Rear View Mirror...................................................669 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................669 Mirror............................................................669 1989-91 VEHICLES..............................................669 1992 VEHICLES.................................................669 1992-98 VEHICLES..............................................669 Mirror Mounting Bracket...........................................670 Seats.....................................................................670 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................670 Front.............................................................670 MANUAL SEAT...................................................670 POWER SEAT....................................................671 Rear..............................................................671 SEDAN.........................................................671 STATION WAGON—SECOND SEAT.....................................672 STATION WAGON—AUXILIARY SEAT..................................672 Power Seat Motor..........................................................672 REMOVAL & INSTALLATION................................................672 1989 Vehicles.....................................................672 RACK AND PINION DRIVE.........................................672 SCREW DRIVE...................................................673 1990-98 Vehicles..................................................673 Specifications Chart..........................................................674
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